Diabetes

糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，影响着美国数百万人. At Bergen Medical Associates, 新泽西州北部及周边地区的患者可以通过护理接受1型和2型糖尿病的持续治疗, experienced practitioners. 了解更多十大正规网赌网址糖尿病的危险因素，诊断测试，以及如何控制病情.

What Is Diabetes?

当一个人消化食物时，一种被称为葡萄糖的糖进入他们的血液. 胰腺负责释放胰岛素，帮助葡萄糖从血液中进入肌肉, fat cells, and other tissues, where it will be stored or used for energy.

However, if the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin, or the body does not have a normal insulin response, the person will have high blood sugar levels. 糖尿病患者由于胰岛素抵抗或胰腺功能问题而长期高血糖.

There are two main types of diabetes:

• Type 1 diabetes: 这是一种自身免疫性疾病，身体会攻击胰腺中产生胰岛素的细胞.
• Type 2 diabetes: 这种类型的糖尿病发生在一个人随着时间的推移产生胰岛素抵抗时，通常发生在生命的后期.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Type 2 diabetes is the most common，占美国糖尿病病例的90%以上.

What Are the Symptoms of Diabetes?

Typical symptoms of diabetes include:

• Excessive hunger or thirst
• Frequent urination
• Fatigue
• Vision problems
• Difficulty healing from cuts or bruises

Certain symptoms are specific to Type 1 or 2 diabetes. For example, 1型糖尿病患者可能会出现无法解释的体重减轻, even if they consume more calories. 2型糖尿病患者可能有循环系统问题，导致手脚麻木或刺痛感.

What Are the Risk Factors for Diabetes?

Risk factors for diabetes vary by type. 有几个证据充分的2型糖尿病风险因素，包括:

• Family history: If a patient’s parents or siblings have Type 2 diabetes, they are more likely to develop it themselves.
• Lifestyle: 久坐不动、运动量不足的患者患病风险更大.
• Racial or ethnic background: In the U.S., African American, Alaskan Native, American Indian, 拉丁裔患者患2型糖尿病的风险高于其他人群.
• Age: 2型糖尿病在45岁以上的人群中更为常见.

1型糖尿病的风险因素尚不清楚，但家族史可能起作用. 1型糖尿病的发病在儿童期和青春期更为常见, though adults can get it, too.

How Is Diabetes Diagnosed?

If a patient suspects they have diabetes, 他们的内分泌科医生或内科医生会检查他们的症状, lifestyle, and medical history. 几种不同的血液检查可以帮助确诊1型或2型糖尿病:

• A1C test: 这项测试可以通过测量血液中一种叫做血红蛋白的蛋白质附着的血糖百分比来评估病人过去60到90天的平均血糖. An A1C level of 6.5% or higher confirms a diagnosis of diabetes.
• Fasting blood sugar test: 这项测试测量患者禁食一夜后的血糖水平，可以帮助检测糖尿病前期和糖尿病.
• Glucose tolerance test: 这项测试还需要禁食一整夜，并在饮用含糖液体前后测量患者的血糖水平.
• Random blood sugar test: 这种测试不需要禁食，只是随机抽取血液样本.

If a patient is suspected to have Type 1 diabetes, they also may have a urine test, 以及对某些攻击胰岛素的免疫系统细胞的血液检测.

Is Diabetes Treatable?

Unfortunately, there is no cure for diabetes. However, both Type 1 and 2 can be managed long-term. 糖尿病管理计划通常有几个关键组成部分:

• Insulin: 所有1型糖尿病患者和部分2型糖尿病患者都需要合成胰岛素来控制病情并维持健康的血糖水平. They may use an injection, insulin pen, or pump.
• Monitoring: 所有类型的糖尿病都需要持续监测血糖水平. Some patients wear a glucose monitor, 而另一些人则每天用手指棒和血糖仪来测试自己.
• Medicine: 口服糖尿病药物可以帮助妊娠糖尿病或2型糖尿病患者控制血糖.
• Nutrition: Because food directly affects blood sugar levels, 病人需要记录他们吃了多少，吃了什么类型的食物. Patients with diabetes may be referred to a dietitian.
• Exercise: 体育锻炼也很重要，因为定期锻炼可以帮助降低胰岛素抵抗.

Because diabetes affects everyone differently, each patient will receive a personalized treatment plan.

在澳门十大正规网赌网址找到富有同情心的糖尿病护理

With multiple locations 在整个新泽西州北部，澳门十大正规网赌网址提供面对面和 telehealth visits for patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes. 澳门十大正规网赌网址提供初级和专科护理，包括 endocrinology, internal medicine, and nutrition services. Request an appointment or contact us today.